rail
英 [re?l]
美[rel]
- n. 鐵軌；扶手；橫桿；圍欄
- vi. 抱怨；責罵
- vt. 鋪鐵軌；以橫木圍欄
核心詞匯中頻詞CET6考研GREIELTSTEM4CET4
詞態變化
復數:?rails;第三人稱單數:?rails;過去式:?railed;過去分詞:?railed;現在分詞:?railing;
中文詞源
rail 欄桿，橫竿，鐵軌
來自古法語 reille,柱子，竿，桿，來自拉丁語 regula,直桿，小桿，-ula,小詞后綴，來自 regere, 拉直，伸直，詞源同 regulate,right.引申詞義鐵軌。拼寫比較 rule,regulate.
英文詞源
- rail
- rail: English has three words rail. The oldest, ‘rod, bar’ [13], comes via Old French reille ‘iron bar’ from Latin rēgula ‘straight stick, rod’, source of English regular and rule. The bird-name rail [15] goes back via Old Northern French raille to Vulgar Latin *rascula, which probably originated in imitation of the bird’s hoarse cry.
And rail ‘complain, be abusive’ [15] comes via Old French railler ‘mock’ and Proven?al ralhar ‘scoff’ from Vulgar Latin *ragulāre ‘bray’, an alteration of ragere ‘neigh, roar’. This in turn was a blend of Latin rugīre ‘bellow’ and Vulgar Latin *bragere ‘bray’ (source of English bray [13]). Raillery [17] and rally ‘tease’ [17] come from the same source.
=> regular, rule; bray, rally - rail (n.1)
- "horizontal bar passing from one post or support to another," c. 1300, from Old French reille "bolt, bar," from Vulgar Latin *regla, from Latin regula "straight stick," diminutive form related to regere "to straighten, guide" (see regal). Used figuratively for thinness from 1872. To be off the rails in a figurative sense is from 1848, an image from the railroads. In U.S. use, "A piece of timber, cleft, hewed, or sawed, inserted in upright posts for fencing" [Webster, 1830].
- rail (n.2)
- "small wading bird," mid-15c., from Old French raale (13c.), related to raler "to rattle," of unknown origin, perhaps imitative of its cry.
- rail (v.1)
- "complain," mid-15c., from Middle French railler "to tease or joke" (15c.), perhaps from Old Proven?al ralhar "scoff, to chat, to joke," from Vulgar Latin *ragulare "to bray" (source also of Italian ragghiare "to bray"), from Late Latin ragere "to roar," probably of imitative origin. See rally (v.2). Related: Railed; railing.
- rail (v.2)
- "fence in with rails," late 14c., from rail (n.1). Related: Railed; railing.
雙語例句
- 1. The government is spending billions of dollars on new urban rail projects.
- 政府正把數十億元花在新城市鐵路項目上。
來自柯林斯例句
- 2. The rail strike is causing major disruptions at the country's ports.
- 鐵路罷工使該國港口陷入了一片混亂。
來自柯林斯例句
- 3. The sudden onset of winter caused havoc with rail and air transport.
- 冬天的突然降臨讓鐵路和航空運輸系統陷入混亂。
來自柯林斯例句
- 4. The president traveled by rail to his home town.
- 總統坐火車回到了他的家鄉。
來自柯林斯例句
- 5. The gloom deepened after a thumping ￡45m loss at British Rail.
- 英國鐵路公司遭受了4,500萬英鎊的巨額損失后境況更加慘淡。
來自柯林斯例句